英語句子主語判斷依據(jù)：
1． 位于句子開頭；
2． 名詞性結構（單個名詞， 名詞短語（還包括動名詞結構， 不定式結構，名詞性從句）或代詞（人稱代詞主格形式，不定代詞，疑問代詞（who）, it(提示：句子主語是it時要考慮it句型的可能性）；
3． 主語后出現(xiàn)了與主語在“人稱和數(shù)”上保持一致的謂語動詞；
e.g. he is going abroad（到國外）. (he 與 is 都是單數(shù)形式)
e.g. they are playing football. (they 與 are 都是復數(shù)形式)
但是在一些句子中, 句子的主語需要小心識別，如：
no one（沒有人） except（除了） two students（學生） was late（遲的， 晚的）. (主語是no one)
提示：
主語中含有附帶成份（如： except， along with, together with, including, in addition to 等）時, 要注意識別出句子真正的主語。
each（每個） of ushas something（某事） to say（說）.
when we’ll go out for camping（露營）has been decided（決定）.
提示：
不定式(短語), 動名詞(短語), 或從句作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it
提示：
用連詞or, either.... or(或者…或者), neither….nor（既不....也不...）, not only….but also (不但…而且…)等連接的并列主語, 謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。
謂語
謂語說明主語的情況、提供新的信息，謂語的位置相對來說是固定的，它總是位于主語的后面。謂語可以分為簡單謂語和復合謂語兩類。由一個動詞（或動詞詞組）構成的謂語都是簡單謂語。
i like （喜歡）reading（閱讀）.
hurry up(趕緊)!
復合謂語也可分為兩種情況：
第一種是由情態(tài)動詞，助動詞+不帶to的動詞不定式構成的復合謂語：
what does this word（詞） mean（意味）?
i won't do it again（再次）.
i'll go（去） and move away（移走） the bag（袋子） of rice（大米）.
第二種是由系動詞+表語構成的復合謂語。例如：
you look the same（一樣）.
i feel terrible（糟糕的， 可怕的）.
例如：(劃線部分是謂語)
1. his parents are teachers . （系動詞和表語一起作謂語）
2. we study hard. （行為動詞作謂語）
3. we have finished reading the book. （助動詞和行為動詞一起作謂語）
4. he can speak english. （情態(tài)動詞和行為動詞一起作謂語）
英語句子謂語判斷依據(jù)：
1． 出現(xiàn)在句子主語的后面；
2． 與句子主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致性；
3． 以某種時態(tài)的形式出現(xiàn)；
4． 行為動詞的前面出現(xiàn)了助動詞或情態(tài)助動詞；
課堂練習：
（選自8年綜合類c級試卷）：（黑色加粗字體結構為句子主語， 藍色加粗字體結構為句子謂語）
petitions
（1）petitions(請愿，請愿書)have long been a part （部分）of british（英國） political life（政治生活）．（2）anyone who wanted to change something would get a list of signatures（簽名） frompeople who agreed to the idea and either send（遞送）them to the government（政府） or deliver （遞送）them personally（親自地） to the prime minister’s house（官?。?in london．
（3）they are （總是） accepted （接收）at the door by one of the pm's officials（官員）．（4）what happens（發(fā)生） then（然后）? （5）nothing much（非常少）(省略happens) ，usually（通常）．（6）but petitions have （總是） been thought of as（一直被看作）a useful（有用的） way for those who govern to find out what the people really think． alwaysalways
（7）that’s why the uk government launched its“e—petition”site in november 2006．（8）instead of（不是...） physically collecting(收集) signatures，all anyone with an idea has to do now is to make a proposal on the government website，and anyone who supports the idea is free to add his or her signature．
（9）the petitions soon started to flow in．（10）the idea was for the british people to express their constructive ideas．（11）many chose （選擇）instead（代替） to express their sense of humor．
（12）one petitioner called on tony blair to stop the deputy prime minister eating so much”．（13）another wanted to expel(驅逐)scotland from the united kingdom because scottish football fast never support england in the world cup．
（14）other petitioners called on the prime minister to abolish the monarchy．（15）some wanted to give it more power．（16）some wanted to oppose the united states．（17）others wanted to leave the european union．（18）some wanted to send more troops to iraq and others wanted them all brought home．（19）some wanted to adopt the euro(歐元)．（20）others wanted to keep the pound．
（21）yet if some petitions are not serious. （22）others present a direct challenge to government policy．（23）a petition calling on the government to drop plans to charge drivers for using roads has already drawn around 1．8 million signatures．（24）in response to that，a rival petition has been posted in support of road pricing．and that is also rapidly growing．
（25）there are about 60 million people in britain．（26）so it is understandable that the government wants to find out what people are thinking．（27）but the problem with the e-petition site seems to be that the british people have about 70 million opinions，and want the prime minister to hear all of them．（28）perhaps he could start a petition asking everyone to lust shut up for a while．