2009年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類a級(jí)考試試題及答案

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16～22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

Water-the Issue of This Century

The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and

Thirstier（渴的), with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce (缺乏). Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century, while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.

The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population, concentrated in Africa, the Middle East and south Asia, will face 'severe water shortages' by 2025. Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some regions.

A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025, putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries (漁業(yè)) are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs (珊瑚礁) may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.

The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.

Fresh water consumption is rising quickly, and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.

A third of the world's population - around two billion people - live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages. That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions (制度) change to ensure better conservation and allocation of water.

China is one country where the portents (征兆) are gloomy. The most water-stressed country in East Asia, China is exploiting 44% of its usable water, a figure projected to rise to 60% by 2020. Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60% is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although China's total use appears still to be reasonable, it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.

Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and will exceed them in India by 2020. In the Middle East and North Africa, only Morocco has unexploited water resources. The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers (蓄水層) - bodies of water-bearing rock - the report says.

16　It is estimated that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.

A Right B　Wrong C Not mentioned

17　Most developed countries will face water shortages in 20 years.

A Right B　Wrong C Not mentioned

18　Most of the world's population may live within 100km of the sea in 2025.

A Right B　Wrong C Not mentioned

19　Almost all coral reefs may disappear in 100 years.

A Right 　B　Wrong C Not mentioned

20　Some species of fish in the Atlantic are at dangerously low levels.

A Right B　Wrong C Not mentioned

21　The World Bank report implies that urgent action should be taken to protect water supplies.

A Right 　B　Wrong C Not mentioned

22　India exceeds environmental limits for water use.

A Right B　Wrong C Not mentioned

參考答案：

16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C

21. A 22. B

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