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為了幫助考生更好的備考2014年翻譯資格考試,小編整理了翻譯資格考試輔導(dǎo)資料供大家參考學(xué)習(xí),預(yù)祝您考試順利!
如同漢語一樣,英語也經(jīng)常使用雙重否定來表示肯定的含義。其中but表示that (who) not,整句話意思可解釋為:There is no rule that has not any exception. 即 Every rule has exceptions. 上一句通過雙重否定 (double negation) 或 加重否定 (cumulative negation) 的no和but的連用來加強(qiáng)語勢;而正面說法的語氣較弱。
大家再來看下以下幾個例句:
There is no one of us but wishes to remove all the illegal dangerous structures in Hong Kong.
我們大家都希望拆除香港所有違章建筑的危樓。
There is no one but knows it.
此事無人不知。
There has not been a scholar but was a man of industry.
凡是有學(xué)問的人都是勤奮的。
There is no man but errs.
凡是人都會犯錯的。
比較下面兩句句子意思:
There is no one who knows him.
There is no one but knows him.
在下面句子中,but是從屬連詞,不是關(guān)系代詞:
It never rains but it pours.
不雨則已,一雨傾盆
Not a day but it rains.
沒有一天不下雨。
下面的句子也屬于雙重否定舉行,它們也具有加強(qiáng)語勢的修辭效果:
No language is more exempt from error and obscurity than the language of mathematics.
任何語言都比不上數(shù)學(xué)語言那么精確和明了。
He never goes to college without dropping in at the school library.
他每次去大學(xué)都要去圖書館轉(zhuǎn)一圈。
She never fails to attract people’s attention.
(相比not fail的結(jié)構(gòu)上過新概念的同學(xué)應(yīng)該非常熟悉的)
再來看一下一些包含雙重否定的英語諺語,他們都表達(dá)了強(qiáng)化肯定的涵義:
No sweat without sweat.
梅花香自苦寒來 (當(dāng)然此句上課時我也說過可以翻譯成Adversity leads to prosperity. 前后押韻)
No smoke without fire.
無風(fēng)不起浪
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
有志者事竟成 (Where….., there…….)
另外補(bǔ)充一下but作動詞的特殊用法:
But me no buts. (上課時說過,忘記的同學(xué)快去查下字典吧!)
最后回到原句: There is no rule but has exceptions. 他的意思就非常明顯了。
但是這句話本身是一個謬論,推理過程如下:
1.Every rule has an exception. (Statement)
2."Every rule has an exception" has an exception. (By 1)
3.There exists some rule R without exception. (By 2)
4.Since R is a rule, by the first statement it must have an exception. But by 3, it does not have an exception - an apparent contradiction.
5.)括號中為擴(kuò)展閱讀內(nèi)容,對翻譯本身沒有關(guān)系,just for fun!
編輯推薦:
更多關(guān)注:2014年翻譯資格考試簡介 翻譯資格考試用書 口譯筆譯資料
(責(zé)任編輯:xy)