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1. The average age of people in the countryside is increasing, while that of the cities is falling. More old people stay in the countryside than young people and the opposite is true in the cities.

譯文： 農(nóng)村人口的平均年齡正處于上升趨勢, 而在城市卻正好相反。原因是在農(nóng)村老年人要比年輕人多，城市正好相反。

解析：本句難度適中，只需要按照句子的邏輯順序?qū)⒕渥有畔㈥惲谐鰜砑纯伞４送?，本句無明顯生詞。

2. One important reason for the move to cities has to do with quality of life issues: comfort and convenience. For example, most of us would like our children to receive the better education, and cities often offer better schools.

譯文：“進城熱”與生活水平問題息息相關(guān)。人們向往城市舒適方便的生活。就像我們大部分人都想子女能夠接收到更好的教育，而城市通常就有教育質(zhì)量更好的學(xué)校。

解析：在做本句翻譯時需要注意在前半句適當(dāng)?shù)卦鲎g一些信息，如在comfort and convenience 處需要加上move to the cities的主語“人們”。后半句難度不大，直譯即可。

3. Most burglars are opportunist, looking for an easier break-in. So don’t make things simply for them. Don’t advertise the fact that you are out or away, or be careless about security.

譯文：大部分的夜盜都是投機分子，他們會尋找最方便快捷的“翻墻入室”的機會。所以不要給他們可乘之機。不要嚷嚷著讓別人都知道你在家，也不要太馬虎大意而忽略了安全問題。

解析：本句句型不復(fù)雜，需要注意幾個詞語的譯法，如opportunist本來是“機會主義者”，在這里用于形容burglars身上，需要相應(yīng)地翻譯成貶義詞“投機分子”;此外，don’t make things simply for them可以用成語“可乘之機”概括，這些需要同學(xué)平時多做翻譯練習(xí)積累，在會在臨考時馬上反應(yīng)出來。

4. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and the University of Iceland said ash particles from the early part of the volcanic eruption are especially abrasive, posing a possible threat to aircraft engines.

譯文：來自哥本哈根大學(xué)和冰島大學(xué)的研究者們表示早些時候火山爆發(fā)遺留的火山灰摩擦度非常高。這可能對飛機的引擎產(chǎn)生威脅。

解析：本句句型簡單，但生詞較多，需要考生抓注意些重點詞匯理解。如：volcanic eruption 是表示“火山爆發(fā)”， abrasive 表示“磨損的”。考生在遇到不會的單詞時也不用過于慌張，一般句子中包含大量專業(yè)詞匯句意都比較簡單，可憑上下文進行推測。

5. Lack of sanitation leads to wide spread of contamination of drinking water. Recent statistics say water-associated infectious diseases claim up to 3.2million lives each year, approximately 6 percent all death globally.

譯文：不注意環(huán)境衛(wèi)生會導(dǎo)致飲用水大規(guī)模受污染。近期的數(shù)據(jù)顯示與飲用水有關(guān)的可傳染性疾病每年可導(dǎo)致320萬人失去生命，這個數(shù)字接近每年全球死亡人數(shù)的6%。

解析： 本句的主題是高口中?？嫉沫h(huán)境問題，全句無復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，考生需要保證數(shù)字聽譯的準(zhǔn)確性。本句中有出現(xiàn)兩處數(shù)字，要求考生掌握數(shù)字速記的方法。

contamination : 污染

infectious : 傳染的，有傳染性的

approximately : 大約 The term “American dream” is widely used today. But what exactly does this concept mean? Where does the term come from? Has the meaning of the term changed over time? Questions like these can complicate a seemingly simple term and lead us to an even more important question: is the American dream a myth or a reality today?

The term “American dream” began to be widely used in 1867. The term was used in a famous novel written by Horatio Alger. The novel, Ragged Dick, was a “rags to riches” story about a little boy who was orphaned and lived in New York. The boy saved all his pennies, worked very hard, and eventually became rich. The novel sent the message to the American public that anyone could succeed in America if they were honest, worked hard, and showed determination to succeed. No matter what your background, no matter where you were from, no matter if you had no money or no family, hard work and perseverance would always lead to success.

Today, the message from Alger’s novel is still a prevalent one in this country. It is still used to define the American dream. A very basic definition of the American dream is that it is the hope of the American people to have a better quality of life and a higher standard of living than their parents. This can mean that each generation hopes for better jobs, or more financial security, or ownership of land or a home.

However, new versions and variations of the American dream have surfaced since Alger’s novel was published. For one thing, the basic definition I stated a moment ago — the idea that Americans are always seeking to improve their lifestyle — also suggests that each generation wants more than the previous generation had. Some people would argue that this ever-increasing desire to improve the quality of one’s life may have started out on a smaller scale in the past, but today has led to an out-of-control consumerism and materialism.

Another more benign view of the American dream is that it is about the desire to create opportunities for ourselves, usually through hard work. A hallmark of the American dream, some would argue, is the classic “self-starter,” the person who starts out with very little in life—little money, few friends, few opportunities—and works hard to make his or her way in the world. A classic example of this type of American dreamer would be former president Abraham Lincoln, who was born in a log cabin, was largely self-educated, and yet worked his way up in the world to eventually become a United States president.

This view of the American dream has also been associated with immigrants and their quests for a better life in a new country. Americans have long been fascinated by immigrant stories, and many feel great pride about their own families who may have come from other countries, worked very hard, and created a better life for future generations.

The American dream has also, historically, been associated with westward expansion in this country. Throughout most of the 1800s, the notion of the frontier—a vast expanse of largely unclaimed land in the West—symbolized new opportunities and a fresh start to people. Many a dreamer set off for the West in search of land, jobs, gold, or other opportunities, often with next to nothing in his pocket. Unfortunately, this idea of new opportunities in the West had a negative side. The American West was not unpopulated; Native American Indians already lived there, along with other immigrant groups, and these people were often displaced — or met with violence — if they interfered with the visions or ideas of westward-migrating Americans.

A more recent interpretation of the American dream has to do with equality. Civil rights activists such as Dr. Martin Luther King Junior, used some of the rhetoric associated with the American dream to urge people to work for equal opportunities for all Americans, not just some Americans. A harsh reality was becoming clear to some people, especially in the 1960s and 1970s: not everyone had the same opportunities. If people were