2016高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專題練習(xí)及答案:介詞

語(yǔ)法填空

1.Mo Yan’s short novel Red Transparent Radish aims to criticize the influence of “cultural revolution” ________ people’s life.

答案：on　解析：考查介詞的搭配用法。句意：莫言的短篇小說《透明的紅蘿卜》旨在批評(píng)文化大革命對(duì)人民生活的影響。對(duì)……的影響，經(jīng)常用(have) an influence on。

2.Parents are advised to take pressure ________ their children and give them some encouragement before an exam.

答案：off　解析：句意：建議父母在考試前給孩子們減壓，并且給他們一些鼓勵(lì)。take... off/out of意為“把……從……中除去”。

3.Growing up in a tough environment, the brothers went ________ thick and thin together.

答案：through　解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配。句意：因?yàn)樾值軅兌际窃诶щy的環(huán)境里長(zhǎng)大，他們同甘共苦，休戚與共。go through thick and thin為固定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為“同甘共苦，休戚與共”。

4.When the wet season comes, the city government will warn its people ________ constantly advertising the potential danger.

答案：by　解析：考查介詞搭配。句意：當(dāng)雨季來臨時(shí)，市政府就會(huì)通過不斷公告可能存在的危險(xiǎn)來提醒民眾。句中by doing...表示方式，意為“通過做某事”，符合本句的句意。

5.We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and ________， dogs give us their all.(in all, in fact, in short, in return)

答案：in return　解析：“介詞+名詞”構(gòu)成的固定短語(yǔ)也是高考的?？键c(diǎn)，因此，熟記介詞短語(yǔ)的意義是辨析語(yǔ)意的關(guān)鍵。常見的介詞短語(yǔ)主要由by, for, in, on等“活躍介詞+名詞”構(gòu)成，如by chance/accident(偶然)，on purpose(故意)，in return(反過來)。

6.He also acknowledges that, in general, state-owned companies do have an advantage ________ the stability, management, and career prospects they offer.(in terms of, in need of, in charge of, in praise of)

答案：in terms of　解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他也承認(rèn)了，總的來說國(guó)有企業(yè)能提供的工作在穩(wěn)定性、管理和職業(yè)發(fā)展的前景上的確有優(yōu)勢(shì)。in terms of“就……而言，在……方面”，符合句意。

7.When asked about their opinions about the school-master, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.(in terms of, in need of, in favor of, in praise of)

答案：in favor of　解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在被問到他們對(duì)校長(zhǎng)的看法時(shí)，很多老師說他們寧愿看到他讓賢于更年輕的人。句中的step aside表示“讓位，讓開”，后面接介詞短語(yǔ)in favor of表示這些老師更贊成啟用更年輕的人。in terms of就……而言;in need of需要;in praise of表?yè)P(yáng)，稱贊。

8.Harvard University takes in any outstanding student ________ religion, color or background.(in terms of, on account of, regardless of, in spite of)

答案：regardless of　解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：不管宗教、膚色或背景的差別，哈佛大學(xué)吸收任何優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。in terms of從……角度而言;on account of因?yàn)?，由?regardless of不管，不顧，表示不去考慮，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀;in spite of盡管，雖然，強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)折。

9.—What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?

—Well, let’s discuss it ________ lunch.

答案：over　解析：考查介詞。句意：——本周末的野餐我們準(zhǔn)備些什么呢?——哦，我們吃午飯的時(shí)候商量一下吧。這里用介詞over表示“在……期間”。

10.Mr. Carter will be the main speaker ________ the graduation ceremony.

答案：at　解析：考查介詞。句意：Carter先生將成為畢業(yè)典禮上的主要發(fā)言人。at the graduation ceremony意思是“在畢業(yè)典禮上”，為固定短語(yǔ)。

11.Look at this year’s sales figures ________ last year’s; they’re so much better.

答案：against　解析：考查介詞。句意：對(duì)比一下今年和去年的銷售數(shù)字;它們(比去年)好多了。against在這里表示“和……相比”。

12.Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival ________ China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.

答案：to　解析：考查介詞。句意：和高爾夫球運(yùn)動(dòng)一樣，瑜伽也是近年才出現(xiàn)在中國(guó)，它可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)蓬勃發(fā)展的行業(yè)。這里用介詞to表示“對(duì)……來說”。

13.How can we improve medical care to benefit people?________， how can we create a health care system that helps people?(In addition, On the other hand, In other words, On the contrary)

答案：In other words　解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們?cè)撛鯓硬拍芨纳漆t(yī)療服務(wù)來造福人民呢?換句話說，我們?cè)撊绾蝿?chuàng)造一個(gè)為人民服務(wù)的衛(wèi)生保健體系呢?這里用in other words表示“換句話說”，符合句意。

14.Maria did what she could to help her neighbors. ________， she asked for nothing.(In vain, In return, In addition, In fact)

答案：In return　解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：瑪利亞盡她所能地去幫助她的鄰居，不求任何回報(bào)。in vain意為“徒勞”;in return意為“作為回報(bào)”;in addition意為“除……以外”;in fact意為“事實(shí)上”。

15.With some physical training in the morning, even after a couple of days, you will feel energetic, and ________， you will benefit greatly from your perseverance.(in a way, on the other hand, on the whole, in the long term)

答案：in the long term　解析：句意：早晨進(jìn)行一些體育鍛煉，在幾天之后你都會(huì)感覺精力充沛，并且從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)而言，你會(huì)從你的毅力中受益匪淺。in a way從某種意義上;on the other hand在另一方面;on the whole從整體而言;in the long term從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)而言。

閱讀理解(科普研究類+人物故事類)

A

(2014·石家莊高中畢業(yè)班教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))

Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons, research suggests. They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts, and display higher levels of concentration.

Professor Anne Bamford, of the University of the Arts London, studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries, including the UK. Pupils in 3D classes can remember more than those in 2D classes after four weeks, improving test scores by an average of 17 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons. They gave more detailed answers to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime (比手畫腳) to answer the test questions successfully.

The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding, increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons.

Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film. Schools would need 3D-enabled projectors(投影儀), laptops with good picture capabilities, 3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations (動(dòng)畫片) into classrooms.

But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly. He said, “While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting, I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick (噱頭). There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help, but most of the time, good 2D models that can be moved would be just as effective. ”

In the US, one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms. And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin, has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils. Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engrossed and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.

1. What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?

A. There are slight differences between 3D and 2D images.

B. Pupils perform better when 3D images are used in classes.

C. Schools have difficulty in making full use of 3D technology.

D. 3D technology is always more effective than 2D technology.

2. Danny Nicholson holds the view that 3D ________.

A. is of no help in classes

B. has a bright future in classes

C. is more practical than 2D models

D. may not be affordable for schools

3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. 3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.

B. Many pupils are now more interested in science than before.

C. Teachers will use 3D technology through specific training.

D. 3D will soon be put into use in one school district in Colorado.

4. The underlined word “engrossed” in the last paragraph means “________”.

A. absorbed B. annoyed

C. relaxed D. confused

答案：

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　研究表明，將3D技術(shù)引進(jìn)課堂后，學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣更高了，考試成績(jī)也更好了。但3D技術(shù)昂貴，并不是每所學(xué)校都能承擔(dān)得起的。

1. B　解析：段落大意題。前三段圍繞一項(xiàng)研究展開，該研究表明將3D技術(shù)引進(jìn)課堂后，學(xué)生對(duì)課堂內(nèi)容理解得更深刻，注意力更集中，學(xué)生參與課堂的積極性更高，學(xué)習(xí)效果更好，考試分?jǐn)?shù)更高，因此前三段的主題是B項(xiàng)。

2. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句中的“the technology would... could be costly”可知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

3. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段開頭說美國(guó)科羅拉多州的一個(gè)學(xué)區(qū)已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備在教室里安裝1 000臺(tái)3D投影儀，因此選D。

4. A　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。最后一段的最后一句說，觀看3D演示的學(xué)生對(duì)科學(xué)的興趣普遍提高，因此該詞是指“專注的”。因此選A。

B

My family and I decided to try to help the less fortunate at Easter. It was last March and my brother, sister and I stayed home after yet another snowstorm. We dressed warmly and ran out of the house to collect money and canned goods.

Some people slammed their doors in our faces and others told us they already donated at their churches. We still continued, though. To our surprise, the people who we expected to be the most generous weren't. The “well-to-do” gave little or nothing at all, while the poorest gave everything they could afford. In the first couple of hours, we raised $60 and during the following three days of going door to door, we collected about $1,000.

We then went to the grocery store and bought rice, potatoes, macaroni(通心粉) and juice. Afterwards we arranged the food and put it into 25 colored laundry baskets, each also containing a three-pound ham.

Finally, right before the holiday, my family and I made the deliveries(遞送). As the people opened their doors and saw what we had brought, they were very happy. Big smiles on the once-sad faces were symbolic of how happy they truly were. Most of them replied, “Now we can have an Easter dinner.”

This event was very meaningful for my family and me. We learned to appreciate all we once took for granted. We also learned that to achieve a goal, hard work and patience are necessary. I strongly advocate that all get involved in some aspect of community service. It is surely an unforgettable experience!

5.What does the underlined expression “well-to-do” in the second paragraph mean?

A.Rich. B.Simple.

C.Poor. D.Good.

6.What are necessary to achieve a goal?

A.Honesty and bravery.

B.Hard work and patience.

C.Courage and hard work.

D.Confidence and honesty.

7.Which words best describe the author's feelings towards the experience?

A.Important and unforgettable.

B.Different and meaningful.

C.Careful and helpful.

D.Positive and important.

答案：

【篇章導(dǎo)讀】'本文講述了作者及家人挨家挨戶地集資來幫助那些不幸的人們的經(jīng)歷，從中體會(huì)到幫助別人是一件有意義的事情，同時(shí)也是一件難忘的事情。

5.A'解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文的“...while the poorest gave everything they could afford.”可知，該詞的意思是rich，與poor是反義詞。故選A項(xiàng)。

6.B'解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We also learned that to achieve a goal, hard work and patience are necessary.”可知選B項(xiàng)。

7.A'解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段中的“This event was very meaningful for my family and me.和It is surely an unforgettable experience!”可知選A項(xiàng)

（責(zé)任編輯：昆凌）