there be非謂語形式可在句中作主語、賓語、狀語和定語。(其中作賓語和狀語在1991年和1994年測試過,定語見1996年題10。)
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.(作賓語如1991年題30)
1)作動詞賓語時(shí),通常用there to be結(jié)構(gòu),而不用there being。能這樣用的及物動詞為:expect,like,mean,intend,want,prefer,hate等,如:
We don't want there to be any comrades lagging behind,我們不希望有任何同志掉隊(duì)。
They hate there to be long queues everywhere.他們不愿意處處都要排長隊(duì)。
We have no objection to there being a meeting here.我們并不反對在這里開會。
It isn't enough for there to be a frost tonight,so I can leave Jim's car out quite safely.(作狀語)
2)作狀語多用there being結(jié)構(gòu),但若置于介詞之后,for用there to be整個(gè)介詞短語作程度狀語,其它多半用there being。
There being nobody else at hand, I had to do by myself.由于附近沒有人,我只得獨(dú)自干了。(原因狀語)
It's too early for there to be anybody up.太早了,還不會有人起床。(作程度狀語)
There having been no rain for a long time,the ground was very dry.因?yàn)楹瞄L時(shí)間沒下雨了,地面非常干燥。(原因狀語)
3)作主語時(shí)兩種結(jié)構(gòu)都可以,但如是用for引導(dǎo)則要用there to be。
It is not uncommon for there to be problems of communication between old and young.老人與年青人之間存在著溝通問題是很常見的。
There being a kindergarten on campus is a great convenience to female teachers.幼兒園在校園內(nèi)對女教師十分方便。
4)作定語。 There be結(jié)構(gòu)作定語時(shí),定語從句中謂語為there be,there之前的關(guān)系代詞常常省略。如:
This is the fastest train (that) there is to Nanking.這是到南京的最快一班車。
I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.我要充分利用我剩下的歲月盡量為人民多做些事。
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