英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法串講：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的有關(guān)句型

(1)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的句型

1)Doing…+ v. Reading is an art.閱讀是門藝術(shù)。Seeing is believing.眼見為實(shí)。

2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore…)等名詞+doing sth.

It is no use crying.哭沒(méi)有用。It is no good objecting.反對(duì)也沒(méi)有用。

It is a great fun playing football.打籃球很有趣。

It is a waste of time trying to explain.設(shè)法解釋是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

3)It is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容詞)+ doing sth.

It is useless speaking.光說(shuō)沒(méi)用。

It is nice seeing you again.真高興又遇到了你。

It is good Playing chess after supper.晚飯后弈棋挺好。

It is expensive running this car.開這種小車是浪費(fèi)。

4)There is no + doing…(there is no 表“不可能”)

There is no telling what he is going to do.說(shuō)出他要干什么是不可能的。

There is no saying what may happen.說(shuō)出將要發(fā)生什么是不可能的。

5)There is no use (good/point/sense/harm)+doing sth.做某事沒(méi)用(不好/意義/重要性)

There is no use crying over spilt milk.牛奶灑了，哭也無(wú)用。

6)have difficulty /trouble/problem + (in)+doing

have作有解時(shí)，后接情感名詞(in可省略)，再接動(dòng)名詞。這類詞還有trouble, fun, a hard time, a good time.

例如：We had difficulty (in) carrying out the plan.我們執(zhí)行計(jì)劃有困難。

7)feel like + 名詞 感覺像動(dòng)名詞 “ 想要” =would like to +原形動(dòng)詞

I feel like a newborn baby.我感覺像一個(gè)新生的嬰兒。

Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看電影嗎?

I don't feel like studying tonight.今晚我不想讀書。

8) spend/waste time doing sth.

They spent a lot time (in) making preparations.他們花了許多時(shí)間作準(zhǔn)備。

9)在require后只能用動(dòng)名詞，不能用不定式，盡管表示被動(dòng)的意思也要用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式。

This problem requires studying with great care.這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要仔細(xì)研究。

10)cannot help doing sth.忍不住(做什么)

I cannot help laughing, once I see john in that big trouser.

(2)有關(guān)分詞句型

1)在表示感覺和心里狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞see，hear，feel，smell，listen(to)，notice，observe，smell，watch這類表示感覺的動(dòng)詞之后常跟“賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，這種動(dòng)詞與分詞之間的賓語(yǔ)可以是普通名詞或?qū)Ｓ忻~(人各等)，也可以是代詞賓格(him，us等)。例如：

She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.她聞到有東西在燃燒并看到有煙升起來(lái)了。

I watched them rehearsing the play.我看他們排演戲。

I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感覺到風(fēng)在我臉上吹過(guò)。

2)表示“致使”等意義的動(dòng)詞，如：catch，find，leave，give，have，get，set后也可跟上述(1)的結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)也可跟過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

I caught them stealing my apples.我抓住他們偷我的蘋果。

If she catches me reading her diary，she'll be furious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日記，她會(huì)憤怒的。

We found him waiting to receive us.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他正等著接待我們。

3)go +現(xiàn)在分詞表示“從事…”之意，這時(shí)現(xiàn)在分詞做主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。go之后所接現(xiàn)在分詞均表示短暫而又愉快的戶外活動(dòng)。如：jogging慢跑，fishing釣魚，dancing跳舞，skating溜冰，bowling打保齡球，shopping 購(gòu)物，sightseeing游覽，camping露營(yíng)。

I'll go camping tomorrow.我明天去露營(yíng)。

I'll go shopping.我去商店。

Would you like to go skating with me?你想和我去溜冰嗎?

4)be busy + v-ing(現(xiàn)在分詞)忙著做…

I am busy writing my thesis.我正忙著寫論文。

His assistant is busy(in) correcting papers.他的助教忙于批閱考卷。

或者be busy with + n.忙著做某事。

He is busy with his work.他忙著工作。

5)What do you say to + ing分詞?(……怎么樣?)

What do you say to joining us for dinner?和我們一起進(jìn)餐，你看怎么樣?

(3)有關(guān)動(dòng)詞不定式句型

下面這些詞組是不定式的習(xí)慣用法，只能用不定式形式。

can not help but do, can not but do, cannot choose but do, can do nothing but do, have no choice/alternative to do

When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.

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（責(zé)任編輯：gx）

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