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PETS閱讀:買房前須知

Buying a house is an exciting but scary step. Home ownership means making an investment in your future, but it also means committing to stay put, at least for a while. Before you make that commitment, you should ensure you are making an informed decision, and not one based on how beautiful the home is or your desire to be on your own.

買房子是令人興奮卻又讓人慌亂的一步。房屋所有權(quán)意味著對(duì)你的未來(lái)做了一次投資，此外也表示將承諾扎根于此，至少也會(huì)是一段時(shí)間。在你做出承諾前，你應(yīng)該明了你正在做一項(xiàng)明智的決定，而不是因?yàn)榉孔邮嵌嗝雌粱蚴悄憧释塥?dú)立。

1. Your Financial Situation

你的財(cái)務(wù)狀況

Just because you qualify for a loan does not necessarily mean you should take a loan. On the other hand, if you don't think you can qualify for a loan, you might be mistaken. When you consider buying a home, sit down with a professional--a loan counselor at your bank or a representative from the U.S. Housing and Urban Development, for instance--and discuss your options. Have tax and income documents ready, as well as a list of your expenses and a copy of your credit report.

僅僅因?yàn)槟銐蛸Y格去貸款也不意味著你應(yīng)該貸款。換句話說(shuō)，如果你認(rèn)為自己沒(méi)有資格申請(qǐng)貸款，那你可能誤解了。當(dāng)你在考慮買房時(shí)，和專業(yè)人士一起坐著談?wù)勀愕倪x擇——比方說(shuō)銀行的貸款咨詢顧問(wèn)或是美國(guó)住房和城市發(fā)展部的辦事員。準(zhǔn)備好稅收和收入的文件證明，以及開(kāi)銷清單和一份信用報(bào)告。

According to CNN Money, you should try to find a home that is two and a half times your yearly salary. So, if you have a yearly salary of $40,000, you should not choose a house that costs more than $120,000. However, if you have large loan payments or other expenses, you may not want to, or be qualified to, go that high. Ask the professional to help you get a good picture of your earnings, expenses and how they would change if you bought a home.

根據(jù)CNN財(cái)經(jīng)頻道，你找的房子房?jī)r(jià)應(yīng)該是你年薪的2.5倍。所以，如果你年薪40,000美元，你不應(yīng)該選成本超過(guò)120,000美元的房子。然而， 如果你有大額貸款或其它開(kāi)銷，你可能不會(huì)想或是沒(méi)有資格去申請(qǐng)那么多的貸款。咨詢專業(yè)人士，讓他們幫你明了你的收入、支出，以及如果你想買房收支應(yīng)該做哪些調(diào)整。

2. Home's History

房屋概況

A beautiful home on several acres of green yard might look appealing, but that pretty picture could be hiding problems that will cost you thousands of dollars and hours of lost sleep in the long run. According to the American Association of Realtors, you should find out as much as you can about the home before you buy.

帶有幾畝綠地庭院的漂亮房子可能看起來(lái)很有吸引力，但這美麗的畫面背后可能隱藏著諸多問(wèn)題，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這些問(wèn)題將花費(fèi)你上千美元，以及引發(fā)不少失眠。據(jù)美國(guó)房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人協(xié)會(huì)的建議，在你買房前，你應(yīng)該找出盡可能多的關(guān)于這個(gè)房子的情況。

Even issues that have been repaired can give you insight into what problems you might be facing a few years down the road. Get a home inspection and carefully go over the results with your inspector. If anything in the home makes you suspicious, don't hesitate to order another inspection from a different company.

即使問(wèn)題已經(jīng)解決，在接下來(lái)的幾年時(shí)間里你可以對(duì)將來(lái)要面臨的問(wèn)題做到心中有數(shù)。對(duì)房子做檢查，認(rèn)認(rèn)真真地和檢查人員審視檢查結(jié)果。如果你對(duì)房子有任何疑慮，毫不猶豫地請(qǐng)另一家公司再做一次檢查。

3. Neighborhood

街坊鄰里

A wonderful home isn't much good if it is in a terrible neighborhood, so find out as much as you can about the neighborhood before you buy. Talk to potential neighbors about any issues the area has been facing, and check to see if there is a neighborhood association or club. Scan newspaper police blotters to see if there is a large amount of crime in the area, and interview principals and teachers at the area schools, if you have children. You might also seek out PTA members or parents of children at those schools to learn more about the climate inside them.

如果處在一個(gè)糟糕的街坊鄰里環(huán)境中，有好房子也未必是好事。所以在買之前，盡可能找出關(guān)于街坊鄰里的信息，越多越好。跟將來(lái)的鄰居談?wù)勑^(qū)正在面臨的問(wèn)題，看看有沒(méi)有鄰里協(xié)會(huì)或俱樂(lè)部?？纯磮?bào)紙上警情通報(bào)，了解在該地區(qū)是否發(fā)生過(guò)很多罪案。如果你有孩子，拜訪一下該地區(qū)的學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)和教師。你也可以尋找家庭教師協(xié)會(huì)成員或是在這些學(xué)校里學(xué)習(xí)的孩子們的父母，以此更多地了解學(xué)校里的氛圍。

The aesthetic appearance of the neighborhood is also important. You probably would not want to move into a home where yours is the only house on the street that is not falling down.

外觀的美感同樣重要。你也不想搬到在整一條街上就只有你家的房子不搖搖欲墜的地方吧。

4. What Comes with the Home

隨屋之物

It is customary for home owners to leave some major appliances, like the refrigerator and dishwasher, when they leave the home, but if you see anything else that you like, check if it is for sale. Some sellers won't mind throwing their furniture or decorations in with the home since they are moving anyway.

按照慣例，當(dāng)業(yè)主賣房時(shí)，他們會(huì)留下一些主要的家用電器，如冰箱、洗碗機(jī)，然而如果你看到房子里還有你喜歡的，問(wèn)一問(wèn)它們是不是可以出手。一些賣家不介意把家具或裝飾留著，反正他們都要搬了。

Make sure you and the seller understand exactly what is coming with the home before you sign the contract, and list the items on the contract if it makes you feel more comfortable. Also, confirm the land boundaries and whether outdoor structures, like portable sheds and above-ground pools, will be included before you sign on the dotted line.

在你簽合同前，明了你和賣方完全達(dá)成統(tǒng)一都有什么是隨同房子一起出售的，如果你覺(jué)得可以的話，在合同里把這些條目列舉出來(lái)。此外，在簽名處簽上你的大名前，確認(rèn)好房子邊界以及是否包括室外結(jié)構(gòu)，如便攜式棚屋和室外水池。

5. "Annoying" Factors

“惱人”因素

Every home has its annoyances: the third step creaks, or the neighbor's cat likes to lounge on your porch. Even if you are moving to a brand-new home, there are bound to be some annoying factors about your new home and your new location. However, try your hardest before you buy your home to know the difference between small annoying issues and deal breakers.

每個(gè)房子都有它的煩惱：在樓梯上沒(méi)邁出三步就咯吱咯吱響了，或是鄰居家的貓喜歡在你家的門廊上懶洋洋地躺著。即使你搬到了嶄新的房子里，新房子和新的定居點(diǎn)肯定會(huì)有一些惱人的地方。不過(guò)在買房前，要盡你最大努力了解哪些是惱人的小問(wèn)題，哪些又是原則問(wèn)題。

For instance, the American Association of Realtors notes that extra traffic and noise caused by a school might not be something you are willing to deal with. Further, consider how having a difficult-to-remodel home will affect you in five years. Visit the home you are planning to buy as many times as you can; stay overnight if possible. Look for anything that would bother you on a daily basis, and if you find something, look for another home.

例如，美國(guó)房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人協(xié)會(huì)指出，你可能沒(méi)有心力去處理因?qū)W校而引起的額外交通量和噪聲問(wèn)題。再者，考慮一下在今后五年時(shí)間里，一棟很難改造的房子將會(huì)如何影響你。參觀你打算要買的房子，能去多少次就去多少次；如果可以就在那過(guò)夜。找一找在日常生活中有哪些會(huì)影響到你。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些問(wèn)題，那就再去看其它房子。

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