The Difference between Man and Computer

What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don't yet (1) ______ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about (2) ______ they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, don't. In fact, computers don't (3) ______ have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) ______ is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose".

Of course, people have several goals that do not make (5) ______ to attribute to computers1. One might read a restaurant guide (6) ______ order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to (7) ______ a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.

However, these physiological and social goals give (8) ______ to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A. goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find (9) ______ about the name of a restaurant which (10) ______ the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to (11) ______ information or knowledge, what we are calling(12) ______ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer (13) ______ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do so (14) ______ the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not (15) ______ out of hunger in the case of the computer2, it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.

詞匯：

element /elim?nt/ n.元素，成分，要素

entertainment /,ent?'teinm?nt/n.娛樂，消遣

physiological/,fizi?l?d?ik?l/ adj.生理學(xué)的，生理的

intellectual /,int?'lektju?l/ adj.智力的，聰明的

cognitive/'k?gnitiv/ adj.認(rèn)知的，認(rèn)識(shí)上的

注釋：

1. …attribute to computers…：……把……歸于電腦，歸屬于電腦……

2. …in the case of computer…：……對(duì)于電腦來說……

練習(xí)：

1.A) express B) explain C) account D) count

2.A) why B) how C) what D) when

3.A) once B) even C) ever D) often

4.A) program B) instruction C) system D) function

5.A) success B) sense C) scene D) point

6.A) of B) or C) in D) and

7.A) find B) search C) look D) watch

8.A) way B) play C) rise D) birth

9.A) place B) food C) reference D) information

10.A) orders B) sells C) supports D) serves

11.A) acquire B) ask C) require D) consult

12.A) understanding B) learning C) knowledge D) awareness

13.A) could B) might C) should D) would

14.A) as B) on C) by D) in

15.A) arise B) rise C) consent D) derive

答案與題解：

1.C 此處考查對(duì)固定搭配的掌握情況，只有account能與for搭配，意為“解釋”，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞都是及物動(dòng)詞，不與介詞搭配。

2.C 分析全句，此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，從句中缺少賓語，故應(yīng)填what，此句意為 “去了解他們所感興趣的東西”，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為關(guān)系副詞，不能充當(dāng)從句中的賓語。

3.B 此處選even加強(qiáng)語氣，“事實(shí)上，電腦甚至都沒有興趣”。

4.A computer program是常見搭配，意為“電腦程序”，其他選項(xiàng)與句意不符，故排除。

5.B make sense是固定搭配，意思是“有道理，合理，能被理解”。整句的意思為“當(dāng)然人也有目標(biāo)，但這些目標(biāo)若被歸在電腦身上便不合邏輯了”。

6.C in order to是固定搭配，表示目的，意為“為了……”，故選C。

7.A 結(jié)合上下文我們得知，此處應(yīng)填具有“尋找”含義的詞，watch沒有此含義，首先被排除，C 選項(xiàng)后若加上for，便符合文義，search有“搜尋，查找”的含義，但一般指深人徹底地調(diào)查，只有A選項(xiàng)fmd在含義和語氣上都符合句意。

8.C 從下一句便可找到答案為C選項(xiàng)，give rise to意為“引起，導(dǎo)致，使發(fā)生”。

9.D 選擇D意為“找到關(guān)于餐館名字的信息”，其他選項(xiàng)放此處均不合適。

10.D 此處需填一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞，因此要搞清主語“餐館”與賓語“食物”之間的關(guān)系，只有“餐館供應(yīng)食物”合乎邏輯，故答案為serve。

11.A 上文提到了種種人生理的、智力上的、認(rèn)知的目標(biāo)，因?yàn)轲I得到了有關(guān)餐館的信息，因而此處要填“獲取”，B, C, D與文意不符。

12.B 此空依然承接上文的意思，那些目標(biāo)都是獲取信息的目標(biāo)，都是學(xué)習(xí)的目標(biāo)，答案為B選項(xiàng)。

13.B 此處缺一個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，閱讀到后半句時(shí)便很容易選出答案，此處的might與后面as a person might相呼應(yīng)，表示不確定的推測(cè)，意為“可能，也許”。

14.D 能與way搭配的介詞一般只有in，表示“以……方式”，此處的含義為“與一個(gè)人可能想要做事的方式相同”。

15.A arise out of是固定搭配，意為“起于……”，即使不知道短語的含義，看到后面又出現(xiàn)一次arise out of，也應(yīng)可以選出答案。

報(bào)考條件：綜合類，理工類，衛(wèi)生類考試原則上沒有嚴(yán)格的界限。職稱英語考試報(bào)名可在單位報(bào)，評(píng)職稱與戶口無關(guān)，主要看你的工作單位，所以你可以直接咨詢單位的人事部門，如果他們說可以就行，每個(gè)省規(guī)定不大一樣?！?a title="查看詳情" href="http://www.remotepmconsultant.com/zc/48344834015.html" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">查看詳情】

報(bào)考選擇：職稱英語報(bào)考科目|級(jí)別選擇|報(bào)名條件及相關(guān)問題解答

免考規(guī)定：取得外語(從事翻譯工作人員及外語教師第二外語)專業(yè)?？萍耙陨蠈W(xué)歷的人員申報(bào)中、高級(jí)職稱評(píng)審……?！?a title="查看詳情" href="http://www.remotepmconsultant.com/zc/30661089715.html" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">查看詳情】

（責(zé)任編輯：hbz）

共2頁(yè),當(dāng)前第1頁(yè)  第一頁(yè)  前一頁(yè)  下一頁(yè)