為了幫助廣大考生備戰(zhàn)2014年自考英語(yǔ)，小編特意總結(jié)了自考英語(yǔ)一復(fù)習(xí)資料，希望給廣大考生備考帶來(lái)幫助！

第八章

Key words and phrases

1. efficiency : n 效率，其他同根詞：efficient: a 高效率的;inefficient: a 效率低的;inefficiency : n; effective: a 有效果的

1). He has done much to increase the ____ of English teaching.

2). She is very _____ in reducing waste.

3). His ____ study method caused his failure.

4). The city government took some _____ measures to reduce unemployment.

Answers: efficiency, efficient; inefficient, effective

2. increasingly: ad不斷增加地， 由此可以聯(lián)想到：

increase：v 增加; increasing: a 不斷增加的; decrease: v減少;

1). Drinking and smoking among young people _____ to an alarming extent.

2). The truth is becoming ______ apparent.

3). The ____ friendly relations between the two countries strengthen the cultural exchanges between them.

3. prevalent: a 流行的，普通的 = popular

4. calculator : n 計(jì)算者，計(jì)算器，calculate: v 計(jì)算;calculation : n 計(jì)算; calculating: a 詭計(jì)多端的

5. expose: v 使暴露，揭露，揭發(fā)，exposure: n; expose sb to sth讓某人接觸。。。

6. completion: n 完成、結(jié)束，由此可以聯(lián)想到：

complete: v完成，a 完整的，completeness: n 完整;incomplete: a 不完整的

1). He ____ denied the existence of god.

2). He has never ____ a project on time.

3). Money will be paid half in advance and half on _______.

4). When will the new railway ________?

7). intensity : n 強(qiáng)烈、劇烈，由此可以聯(lián)想到：

intense = strong: a 強(qiáng)烈的, intensive: a 密集的，加強(qiáng)的;intensify: v 加強(qiáng);intension: n 強(qiáng)烈、緊張。

1). We should ____ the struggle for peace.

2). There are few strong situations or moments of dramatic ______.

3). They have been receiving a four-day ____ training course.

4). They kept working in the ____ heat.

Answers: intensify, intensity, intensive, intense

8. defective : a 有缺點(diǎn)的，defect: n 缺點(diǎn)

9. assemble: v 集合、裝配; assembly: n 裝配

10. expose sth/sb to sth:暴露，面臨、遭受

1). People often expose their skin to the sun in summer.

2). I won't expose my soldiers to such unnecessary risks.

11. in that: 在于，因?yàn)?/p>

1). I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.

12. in question: 正被談?wù)摰?，正被考慮的(通常放在被修飾名詞后面)

We know nothing about the plan in question.

Analyze the difficult sentences

1. Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry, where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. (p2)

翻譯：今天大多數(shù)機(jī)器人用于汽車(chē)工業(yè)，它們按照編好的程序接任了汽車(chē)和卡車(chē)車(chē)身的焊接和噴漆這一類(lèi)的工作。

分析：該句的考點(diǎn)是where引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾in the automotive industry。另外請(qǐng)注意幾個(gè)詞的用法：employ: v 雇傭，使用，相當(dāng)于use; program: v 編寫(xiě)程序;take over: 接管、接收、接任，如：Do you want me to take over the driving if you are tired?

such...as例如，welding and spray painting是動(dòng)名詞，做賓語(yǔ)。

2. Robots, already taking over human tasks in the automotive field, are beginning to be seen , although to a lesser degree, in other industries as well. (p3)

翻譯：除了在汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域替代人工勞動(dòng)外，機(jī)器人也開(kāi)始在別的工業(yè)部門(mén)應(yīng)用，雖然應(yīng)用程度低一些。

分析：該句考點(diǎn)如下：already taking over human tasks in the automotive field是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ);to be seen不定式的被動(dòng)概念;although to a lesser degree讓步狀語(yǔ)，to a lesser degree是表示：在更小的程度上，反義詞：to a larger degree.

3. The robots used in nuclear pants handle the radioactive materials, preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation. (p3)

翻譯：核電站里使用機(jī)器人處理輻射材料，避免人員接觸放射性物質(zhì)。

分析：主語(yǔ)：The robots;謂語(yǔ)：handle;賓語(yǔ)：the radioactive materials;used in nuclear pants handle the radioactive materials是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ);preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。being exposed to動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);prevent sb from doing 阻止某人做某事。

4. Robots differ form automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one. (p4)

翻譯：機(jī)器人與自動(dòng)化裝置的區(qū)別在于它們完成一項(xiàng)特定任務(wù)后可以由計(jì)算機(jī)重新編程去執(zhí)行另一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

分析：該句重要考點(diǎn)：in that,相當(dāng)于because, 所引導(dǎo)從句表原因。如：

Men are different from other animals in that the former can create and use tools while the latter cannot.

5. It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. (p5)

翻譯：人們不知道是否有一天機(jī)器人能具有像人類(lèi)一樣好的視覺(jué)。

分析：該句的主語(yǔ)是whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。(有關(guān)知識(shí)請(qǐng)見(jiàn)課后補(bǔ)充語(yǔ)法。)，it 是形式主語(yǔ);as good as human vision是后置定語(yǔ)修飾vision;

6. Engineers working on other advances are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers, giving robots a sense of touch. (p6)

翻譯：在其他方面努力取得進(jìn)展的工程人員正在設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)驗(yàn)新的金屬手臂和手指，使機(jī)器人具有觸覺(jué)。

分析：請(qǐng)注意該句中幾個(gè)-ing的區(qū)別：working on other advances是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞;are designing and experimenting是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);giving robots a sense of touch是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。詞組：experiment with sth實(shí)驗(yàn)。。。

7. These future robots, assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions, will have plenty of work to do. (p7)

翻譯：未來(lái)具有觸覺(jué)、視覺(jué)并能決策的機(jī)器人將可以做很多工作。

分析：主語(yǔ)：These future robots;謂語(yǔ)：will have;賓語(yǔ)：plenty of work to do。

assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ)，其中動(dòng)詞不定式to see and make decisions是另外一個(gè)定語(yǔ)，修飾the ability.

詞組：be assembled with sth = be equipped wth sth裝備有。。。;a sense of touch觸覺(jué)，同樣的短語(yǔ)還有：a sense of sight/hearing/smell/taste:視覺(jué)，聽(tīng)覺(jué)，嗅覺(jué)，味覺(jué);a sense of humor/direction:幽默感/方向感。make decisions做出決定;plenty of sth充足的，足夠的

8. Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics. (p7)

翻譯：任何希望了解未來(lái)工業(yè)的人必須懂機(jī)器人。

分析：這句話是國(guó)考題目中常考的?？键c(diǎn)：wanting to understand the industry of the future，是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)，修飾anyone. 詞組：know about sth了解。。。，懂得。。。。

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2014年自考英語(yǔ)二章節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)資料匯總

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